Peer-to-Peer and Real-Time Payments: A Primer
Executive Summary Electronic peer-to-peer (P2P) payments can serve as an effective alternative to other payment methods, such as cash and checks. Real-time payments (RTPs)—originally developed . . .
Peer-to-Peer and Real-Time Payments: A Primer
The Role of Antitrust and Pole-Attachment Oversight in TVA Broadband Deployment
I. Introduction As part of the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act (IIJA), signed by President Joe Biden in November 2021, Congress provided $42.5 billion for . . .
Five Problems with a Potential FTC Challenge to the Kroger/Albertsons Merger
Executive Summary In October 2022, the Kroger Co. and Albertsons Cos. Inc. announced their intent to merge in a deal valued at $24.6 billion.[1] Given . . .
Cultural Levies and the EU Audiovisual Market
The European Union has opened the door for national policymakers to expand preexisting policies to support or favor domestic content by placing new obligations on foreign streaming providers to invest in EU member states’ domestic markets. The risk, however, is that member states have such broad latitude in implementing these provisions that they stoke inflationary pressures that distort local content markets.
German Big Tech Actions Undermine the DMA
The complexity of the European Union’s Digital Markets Act (DMA) raises various difficult interpretative questions. Chief among them is whether the EU law is . . .
The Consequences of Caps on Cross-Border Payment Fees in Costa Rica
Executive Summary Under the auspices of Legislative Decree 9831, the Central Bank of Costa Rica (BCCR) has set maximum fees for acquiring and issuing banks . . .
Quack Attack: De Facto Rate Regulation in Telecommunications
If it looks like a duck, walks like a duck and quacks like a duck, then it just may be a duck. —Walter Reuther Executive . . .
UK Payment System Regulator Market Reviews: Initial Concerns
Introduction The UK Payment System Regulator (PSR) is currently in the process of conducting two market reviews related to card payments. One of the two . . .
Consumer Protection in the 21st Century
Executive Summary How do we know whether an apple we buy is safe to eat; whether the pound of butter on sale is really a . . .